International students preparing to apply to U.S. universities have a lot to consider, from the holistic admissions process to visa requirements and tuition costs. But what about standardized tests? Many students overseas recognize the importance of college entrance exams, specifically the SAT. However, this isn’t the only test that international students need to consider when applying to U.S. universities.
It’s Not Just About the SAT or ACT
Most students think of the SAT or ACT when it comes to college entrance exams. However, additional tests can be required or suggested, and some of these apply specifically to international applicants.
TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language)
In addition to standardized testing required for admissions consideration, international students whose first language is not English may also need to take the TOEFL iBT, which tests academic English skills in reading, listening, speaking, and writing. The test takes about two hours to complete, and students typically receive their scores in as soon as four days. It’s available in paper and pencil or computer format.
International students should carefully research each college they plan to apply to determine individual testing and score requirements. Some schools will accept English proficiency based on SAT or ACT scores, while others will want to see the TOEFL in addition to the SAT or ACT.
IELTS (International English Language Testing System)
Although the TOEFL is more widely known, most schools will also accept the IELTS to demonstrate English language proficiency. The IELTS academic test takes about two hours and 45 minutes to complete and is divided into four sections: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. Students can expect to see different types of questions on the test, including multiple choice, matching, sentence completion, and short answer. The test is available in a paper and pencil or computer format.
Duolingo English Test
Though not as widely accepted as the TOEFL or IELTS, the Duolingo English Test is another option for testing English proficiency that many colleges and universities accept. Students can test online at any time. It takes about an hour to complete, and students receive their test results in two days. The test only has one section, but it features different types of questions that test reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills. The Duolingo test is adaptive, meaning the level of difficulty changes based on the test taker’s performance.
AP (Advanced Placement) Tests
While these tests are not required for university admission, they are seen as a good demonstration of academic ability and rigor. Through the College Board’s AP program, students are able to take college-level classes (or study independently) to prepare for an exam in any of 36 subject areas. The exams, held in May of each year, are scored on a scale of one through five, with many colleges offering comparable credit for scores of three or higher. These tests are a great way to demonstrate knowledge in a certain area, reinforce a specialty, and gain college credit.
IB (International Baccalaureate) Tests
Another college-level course option for students, IB is a specific high school course program that awards students a special diploma upon completion. Similar to AP coursework, IB completion is not a requirement but seen as a demonstration of academic rigor and dedication. IB scores can be used for college credit.
When and How to Prepare
It’s important to allow plenty of time to prepare for testing, especially if international students are going to be taking additional exams like the TOEFL or IELTS. Students need time to practice, study, and retake the exams if necessary. Here’s when you should prepare for these tests:
TOEFL, IELTS, or Duolingo
Scores for the TOEFL, IELTS, and Duolingo English Test are only valid for two years. It’s important to map out a testing timeline early enough to prepare and retake if necessary, but not so early that your scores could be invalid by the time you apply to U.S. universities. Begin preparing by your second year in high school by taking practice tests and practicing your English by reading and speaking it daily. This will also help when it comes time to take the SAT or ACT.
SAT or ACT
Students should begin preparing for the SAT or ACT by their sophomore, or second, year in high school. Start by taking a practice test of each to determine which is the best test for you. Then, utilize online resources from the ACT and SAT to study and prepare. Plan to take the test as soon as you are ready, preferably by the start of junior or third year. Struggling with the tests, or not getting the score you want? You may find it helpful to work with professional tutors who can assist with test prep.
AP Tests
Students taking an actual AP course should prepare for the test throughout the school year, reviewing relevant materials and taking practice tests when possible. If you are self-studying and taking the test on your own, give yourself ample time before the test date to learn the material, review, study, and practice. International AP testing availability and dates can vary by country, so be sure to work with your school counselor and the College Board to arrange for testing accommodations.
IB Tests
Similar to AP, if you are enrolled in an IB program you need to continually study throughout the two-year program, preparing for the final exams at the end of the program. Again, time should be spent reviewing the relevant materials and taking practice tests when available.
Applying to a U.S. university is complicated enough without having to worry about additional testing requirements. It’s important for international students to remember that with ample time and preparation, they can ace these tests and better position themselves to gain admission to a top U.S. university.
Want to learn more about the U.S. admissions process and how international students can prepare? Download our free International Student Guide to U.S. Admissions!
